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Basic concepts:
- Thermal energy is the sum of the energy of all the particles which make up a body.
- Temperature is the average value of the kinetic energy of the particles of a body.
- Heat, which can be produced and transmitted in different ways, is the energy which we supply to, or receive from, a body in the processes in which it varies its internal energy.
How a thermometer works:
Thermometric properties are the observable magnitudes of a body which vary with its temperature: length of a body, resistance of a conductor.... In a mercury thermometer the thermometric property is the height of a column of mercury.
There are different temperature scales:
On the Celsius scale: the value 0 corresponds to the melting point of ice and the value 100 to the boiling point of water.
On the Kelvin scale the value 0 is a temperature of absolute zero, the temperature at which the particles of a body have the least amount of vigour possible.
Kelvin temperature= Celsius temperatura +273 | 
